The RSPCA said the cow had been sick and was suffering.
Protecting cattle
The spokesman for the Hare Krishna temple said that some suffering was part of life and it was a outrage to kill the animal on ground the Hindus regarded as sacred.
"Followers of religions such as Islam and Judaism have immunity from the laws because their animals are killed for religious food.
"Hindus try to preserve life and are vegetarian. We want the same treatment to allow our cows and oxen to die naturally.
"Our new protection centre is designed to care for the animals from birth to death."
Regional superintendent for the RSPCA Tim Watts said: "It would be completely immoral and totally unacceptable for anyone who owned an animal to allow it to suffer unnecessarily.
"My organisation would lobby government not to put religious beliefs ahead of animal protection entrenched in UK laws."